Breast
ultrasound is an important modality in breast imaging that usual initial breast
imaging modality in assessing for malignancy, it is important to remember that
one must use the most suspicious feature of three modalities like pathology,
ultrasound and mammography to guide management. Breast ultrasound is targeted
to a clinical problem reasonable sensitivity but poor specificity that may have
a place in screening women at high risk or with mammographic ally-dense breasts
scanning technique on lighting the patient positioning to support elbow, flat
and supine ergonomics. The probe linear array with correct depth skin to pectoral
fascia and correct specific focal zone which is acceptable by dynamic range to
some settings can make a cystic lesion look solid. The scanning in radial or anti-radial
to clock face with distance from nipple and only caliper things that are real compression
and angulation of probe from heel to toe to sharpen up the edges of a lesion compound
imaging and resolution. The cleans up speckles that gives between edge a
definition to harmonics in transmitting at one frequency to receives only
multiples to the single frequency and most noise is generated near the
transducer due to reverberation in Gold Coast breast ultrasound.
The traps
for beginners for breast ultrasound edge refraction from vessels, cooper's
ligaments and edge of cysts has a focal fat locules in anisotropy because the
use of breast ultrasound evaluating the young which usually under thirty years
of age or pregnant patients who are symptomatic a palpable lump with negative
or equivocal mammographic findings. The detected lesions in lower contrast
field will help to distinguish between benign vs malignant characteristics in guiding
biopsy to evaluate breast implants for rupture on breast cysts. The edge is the
most important feature with no rind pencil thin is well-defined all the way
around to a solid edge but sometimes color Doppler that will help. The power of
Doppler and vocal fremitus help distinguish the malignant from benign tumors in
getting the patient to a very loud and observe the center of the lesion like
cancer and the vibrations conducted along tumor infiltration into center. The color
pixels run into center of tumor and fill it in benign lesions like fat lobules
which cannot get power Doppler into center of lesion and not a useful test in
superficial lesions or large Gold Coast breast ultrasound.
The features
that are found not to be useful in differentiating malignant from benign
lesions like heterogeneity/homogeneity of texture to normal/enhanced through
transmission like mucinous cancers and being iso-mildly hypo echoic. The maximum
diameter for classification of nodules on benign has no malignant features to
combinations of benign findings indeterminate. If no malignant findings there
is no combination of benign in findings needs of biopsy but if the malignant feature
it needs biopsy to breast ultrasound. The potential pitfalls in breast
ultrasound in practice has always correlate the mammogram images before the
breast ultrasound is done and the operator must know where the lesion is
located in the breast and the nature of the lesion to look for and where is it
located. Working with breast ultrasound technologist reviewed by the
radiologist in real time is almost always required unless for the simplest of
overtly benign breast pathology in everyday practice that do not be tempted to
review static images of breast ultrasound pathology without looking in real
time.
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